Millions of people do not have access to clean drinking water, which can result in health problems ranging from mild illnesses to serious conditions and even death. Contaminated water may contain human pathogens, chemicals, industrial waste and agricultural runoff, and can cause gastrointestinal diseases, hepatitis A, typhoid fever, cholera and cancer. To protect against contaminated water, people can boil water, use a water filter, drink bottled water, practice good hygiene and have their water tested by a qualified lab. Drinking water that is certified safe should be a priority for people in areas where access to clean water is limited.
The Dangers of Drinking Contaminated Water and How to Protect Yourself
Access to clean drinking water is a fundamental human right, yet millions of people across the world lack this essential resource. Drinking contaminated water can lead to a variety of health problems, from mild illness such as diarrhea and vomiting to more severe conditions, such as kidney damage, birth defects, and even death. In this article, we will explore the various dangers of drinking contaminated water and how you can protect yourself from its harmful effects.
What is contaminated water?
Contaminated water is water that has been contaminated by different types of pollutants, including human pathogens (like bacteria and viruses), chemicals, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff. Polluted water is often found in areas where sanitation is poor, such as in developing countries, and can pose a significant risk to human health.
The dangers of drinking contaminated water
When we drink contaminated water, we can become sick with a variety of illnesses. The severity of these illnesses can vary depending on the type and concentration of contaminants found in the water. Here are some of the dangers of drinking contaminated water:
1. Gastrointestinal diseases
Contaminated drinking water can cause different types of gastrointestinal diseases like diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach cramps. These diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites that contaminate the water. Gastrointestinal illnesses can cause severe dehydration, especially in young children and the elderly.
2. Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus found in contaminated water. It can cause fever, fatigue, jaundice and can last for several weeks. In severe cases, it can result in acute liver failure, which is life-threatening.
3. Typhoid fever
Typhoid fever is caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi and is commonly found in contaminated water. The disease causes high fever, diarrhea, and a rash and can lead to complications like internal bleeding, infected heart valves, and inflammation of the brain.
4. Cholera
Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, often found in contaminated water. The disease can cause severe diarrhea, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance, which can lead to death if left untreated.
5. Cancer
Some chemicals found in contaminated water, such as arsenic and nitrates, can cause cancer. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can increase the risk of developing various types of cancer, such as bladder cancer, stomach cancer, and skin cancer.
How to protect yourself from contaminated drinking water
While access to clean drinking water may be a challenge in some areas, there are steps you can take to protect yourself and your family from contaminated water. Here are some tips for safeguarding against contaminated drinking water:
1. Boil your water
Boiling is an effective way to kill most pathogens that may be present in your drinking water. Boil water for at least one minute before letting it cool and drinking it. This will kill most bacteria, viruses, and parasites in the water.
2. Use a water filter
Water filters can help remove impurities from your drinking water; however, not all filters are the same. Look for filters that are certified to remove specific contaminants, and follow the manufacturer’s instructions on how to use and maintain the filter.
3. Drink bottled water
If you’re in an area where access to clean water is limited, drinking bottled water may be your best option. Look for bottled water that is certified as safe to drink.
4. Practice good hygiene
Good hygiene can help prevent the spread of waterborne diseases. Wash your hands with soap and clean water before eating or preparing food, and after using the toilet. Also, don’t drink water that doesn’t look clean, and avoid swimming in lakes or rivers that may be contaminated.
FAQs
Q: How do I know if my water is contaminated?
A: Some signs of contaminated water include a strange odor or color, unusual taste, or visible sediment in the water. If you’re unsure about the quality of your water, have it tested by a qualified lab or follow the guidelines provided by your local health department.
Q: How often do I need to replace my water filter?
A: The frequency at which you need to replace your water filter depends on the type of filter and the level of water contamination in your area. As a general rule, you should change your filter every three to six months or as stated by the manufacturer.
Q: Are there any natural ways to purify water?
A: Yes, boiling water, using a solar still, and using chemical disinfection methods are some natural ways to purify water. However, these methods are not always effective and may not remove all contaminants found in the water.
Conclusion
Access to clean drinking water is a fundamental human right, yet millions of people across the world lack this essential resource. Drinking contaminated water can lead to a variety of health problems, from mild illness such as diarrhea and vomiting to more severe conditions, such as kidney damage, birth defects, and even death. By taking the necessary precautions and following the tips discussed in this article, we can protect ourselves and our families from the dangers of drinking contaminated water.
